Researches on chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of volatile oil of Salvia sclarea L.

RESEARCHES ON CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF VOLATILE OIL OF SALVIA SCLAREA L. 8.SUMMARY The genus Salvia belongs to the plant family Lamiaceae, which includes many aromatic plants. Salvia sclarea L. is typical of the European Mediterranean basin and of Africa up to the Atlantic Ocean. Salvia sclarea L. (Clary Sage) volatile oil is widely used in food, beverage, perfumery and cosmetic industries because of its flavour properties. There has been no study on the volatile oil from S. sclarea collected from Malatya (Turkey) until now. The volatile oil of S. sclarea obtained in a yield of 0.66 % by hydrodistillation (Clevenger apparatus for 3 hours). Its density (20°C) is 0.9053, refractive index (20°C) is 1.4760. The volatile oil has light yellow colour and hot, sweet, floral flavour. The chemical composition of the volatile oil was determined by GC and GC-MS methods. In GC analysis, an HP-5 fused silica column (30 m x 0.320 mm, 0.25 urn) and in GC- MS analysis, a TC-5 fused silica column (30 m x 0.320 mm, 0.25 um) were used. Twenty-five compounds were detected in the volatile oil and the major components of the volatile oil are linalool (32.47%), geraniol (11.40%), a-terpineol (9.1%2), geranyl acetate(6.03%), (3-caryophyllene (4.35%), linalyl acetate (4.2%7), trans-13-ocimene (4.17%), neryl acetate (3.61%), myrcene (2.38%) and nerol (2.34%). Antimicrobial activity of the volatile oil was tested on Staphylococcus aureus, Enter ococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis by using disk diffusion and microdilution techniques. The volatile oil was found to be effective against Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis, besides it showed the strongest activity against Escherichia coli, Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis. Key Words: Lamiaceae, Salvia sclarea L., Volatile oil, Chemical composition, Antimicrobial activity. 72