Investigation of possible protective effects of boric acid against bisphenol a-induced cardiotoxicity in rats

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a monomer commonly found in polycarbonate plastics, including food storage containers, baby bottles, and water bottles. It is also used in the production of inner linings for beverage and food cans to protect food contents from direct contact with metal. However, due to high temperatures, BPA residues can pass into foods. Exposure to BPA occurs mainly through ingestion, inhalation, and skin. This substance causes various adverse health disorders such as cancer, endocrine, reproductive, metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. BPA also induces ROS-mediated oxidative stress by decreasing antioxidant enzymes (especially superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione peroxidase) and increasing the level of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances. Additionally, BPA-induced ROS production significantly impairs mitochondrial function. Some reports have shown that increased inflammation plays an important role in BPA-induced disorders. Fischer et al showed that BPA alters the production of inflammatory cytokines and subsequently causes immune dysfunction, which may promote breast cancer development. It has been reported that BPA causes hepatotoxic effects due to excessive production of free radicals. Boron (B), in addition to protecting the cell membrane by preventing lipid peroxidation, has a synergistic effect with chemotherapeutic agents thanks to its interaction with antioxidants. Moreover, on the one hand, it increases the therapeutic effectiveness of antineoblastic drugs, and on the other hand, it reduces the toxic side effects of some drugs and cytotoxic agents such as acrylamide. In light of these data, the protective effects of boric acid by reducing oxidative stress that causes BPA-induced cardiotoxicity in rats will be investigated for the first time.