Load frequency control of grid connected solar power plant

Photovoltaic (PV) power plants, one of the most widely used alternative energy sources, are connected to the grid, and various issues arise. The ability of PV panels to operate continuously at the maximum power point for effective efficiency and their ability to respond to power quality problems occurring in the grid are among these issues. In the event of a sudden increase or decrease in the load on the system, the grid frequency is distorted. In order to prevent this, active power must be injected into the grid. Since PV plants lack inertia and are operated at the maximum power point tracking (MPPT), they have no effect on load frequency control. In practice, frequency control is performed as primary control, secondary control and tertiary demand control. The primary objective of this study is to develop various methods for load frequency control of solar power plants. Initially, the PV module is simulated in Matlab/Simulink. Subsequently, the impact of temperature and radiation values on solar panels is demonstrated. Finally, simulation studies of perturb and observe, increased conductivity, fractional open circuit voltage and fuzzy logic-based MPPT methods, which are the most widely used MPPT methods in applications and which enable solar power plants to operate at maximum power, have been carried out. As a result of these studies, the simulation study of the FPPT method, which performs flexible maximum power point tracking unlike conventional MPPT, has been developed. The results of the proposed system's simulation demonstrate the creation of a backup power reserve through the use of FPPT. Frequency regulation is achieved through the transfer of active power required by the load to the grid in the event of a load frequency drop. Additionally, a virtual synchronous generator study was conducted within the scope of the study to control the load frequency of PV plants connected to the grid. Consequently, the introduction of the virtual synchronous generator serves to prevent the oscillations in load frequency that would otherwise result from the sudden activation of different loads when a drop layer is added to the PV power plant.