Evaluation of serum and salivary lipid peroxidation levels in different TYPES of periodontitis

In the 2017 periodontal disease classification, the staging and grading system was developed, allowing for the creation of a protocol specific to each individual in diagnosis and treatment planning. In this study, serum and salivary malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured in patients with advanced periodontitis, and the obtained data were compared with healthy controls. A total of 37 individuals, aged 25-48 years, with Stage III Grade C periodontitis (Group 1; 13 patients), Stage IV Grade C periodontitis (Group 2; 12 patients) and periodontally healthy group (Group 3; 12 individuals) were included in the study. After the demographic characteristics and body mass index (BMI) data were obtained, the clinical periodontal parameters and serum and saliva MDA values of the individuals were measured. All obtained data were analyzed statistically. While BMI value was lower and education level was higher in controls (p < 0.05), other demographic characteristics did not differ between the groups (p > 0.05). When the clinical periodontal parameters are examined; while the lowest values were observed in the controls, the highest values were observed in Stage IV, the difference between all three groups was statistically significant (p<0.05). While serum MDA levels did not differ between the groups, the highest MDA was observed in Stage III and the lowest MDA was observed in controls (p > 0.05). In addition, while salivary MDA did not differ between the groups, the highest MDA was observed in Stage III, and the lowest MDA was observed in Stage IV (p > 0.05). The findings of our study show that systemic and local lipid peroxidation levels increase/decrease in individuals with advanced periodontitis compared to the periodontal healthy group, but this change is not statistically significant. Our findings suggest that different oxidative stress mechanisms may also be at play in individuals with advanced periodontitis. Further studies are needed to understand what kind of different perspectives can be formed on the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenic mechanism of periodontitis by the stage and grading criteria in the 2017 periodontal disease classification.