Siffin incident

Being the fourth caliphate, Ali (His Holiness) sought to re-establish the shaken unity of the state during his caliphate of about five and a half years. One of the most important events that marked Ali's (His Holiness) caliphate years, is the Siffin incident, the clash that he fought with Muâviye b. Ebî Süfyân. This event is, on the one hand, the result of the accumulated problems of the Islamic society, which has changed and transformed in a short time. On the other hand, it has been an event whose effects have reached today. In this study, the causes, development process, results and effects of the Siffin incident are examined. At the same time, the parties of the war, its duration, geography, strategy, logistics supply and the tools used are discussed. In addition to the first Islamic history sources, the study has been carried out with the old sources of geography, city, road, biography, literature, war, strategy, lineage sources, modern researches and map studies. The armies of Iraq and Damascus confronted in Siffin in the month of Dhul-Hijjah in 36 AH. At first, only a few minor clashes occurred between the armies that remained in Siffin for about two and a half months. During this time, there were many peace initiatives, but all failed. When the month of Safar in the year 37 AH began, the clashes started. On the last three days of the ten-day war, the armies had serious casualties. The request of the Damascus side for arbitration was approved by both sides and the war was ended. Eight months after the contract for arbitration was signed, Amr b. el-Âs and Ebû Mûsâ el-Eş'arî, who were assigned as arbitrators, met but they failed to make a decision that would end the clashes. Although there was no actual winner in the Battle of Siffin, the Damascus side seemed to be the winner in terms of its political results. In this study, the details of the Sıffin Incident, which is one of the biggest civil wars known in history and the beginning of many unending religious and political revenges, are revealed. ha sonra doldurulacaktır.