The effect of systemic and local minocycline on fat graft survival and apoptotic pathway inhibition

Recently use of fat grafting has been popularized in plastic Surgery. The main reasons for this are: use of fat grafting is a good soft tissue filler, cheap, easy and has no side effects. But the survival rate of fat grafts is unknown. There are lots of studies about methods to increase fat graft survival rate. The purpose of this study is to increase fat graft survival rate and to inhibit early stage apoptosis that cause fat cell death after ischemia by using minocycline (antiapoptotic, antiinflammatory and antibacterial drug) . Forty-eight Wistar Albino rats were used. We had 8 groups, and every group has 6 rats in each. Group 1 and 5 is control group, we did not use minocycline, we get inguinal fat pads and put them in interscapular area. Group 2 and 6 is systemic minocycline group. Group 3 and 7 is local minocycline group. Group 4 and 8 is local and systemic minocycline group. In every group we get their inguinal fat pads and after systemic, local or both minocycline application, their fat pads transplanted their back. Group 1, 2, 3 and 4 were sacrifice after 90 days later. We get their fat pads from back for analyse of fat graft survival by volume measure and histological procedures. Group 5, 6, 7 and 8 were sacrifice after 9 days later and we determined early stage apoptosis by histological procedures. Results analysed using statistical methods. Grafts treated with local and systemic minocycline group, changes in volume values are very low, the amount of size in all areas and lipid contents in intact fat cells was very high (p <0.05). It was followed by systemic drug administiration, lokal drug administiration and the control group. The maximum number of cells going into apoptosis were observed in control group, the minimum numbers were observed in the systemic and local drug administiration group (p <0.05). As a result of using systemic or local drug administiration is prevent apoptosis in early stages and they increase the number of living fat cells with intact lipid contents. By combining using systemic and local minocycline are potentiated and they effects the retention of fat volume.