The role of social media in creating political perception and social movements

Communication, as one of the most deep-rooted and important concepts in human history, has had a structure that is open to change and development in every period. While the internet has deepened communication and revealed the new understanding of media, it has also redefined the concept of surveillance, giving different meanings and methods to this old and powerful phenomenon. Especially thanks to social media platforms and search engines, surveillance has become increasingly commonplace; It has created a more effective and systematic control mechanism for governments and companies over individuals. In the historical process, hegemonic structures, realizing the power of large masses, have tried to establish control over society by using propaganda and perception management techniques through traditional media. However, today, although there is a perception that this control mechanism has been interrupted with the spread of new media tools such as social media, the situation shows the opposite. New media, which ostensibly promises freedom, has actually built control mechanisms that manipulate individuals in more sophisticated and indirect ways. This study aims to critically analyze from an economic-political perspective that the monopolistic and massive-oriented nature of traditional media continues to be stronger and under different forms in new media. In the analysis, it is examined how societies are transformed, with a particular focus on the phenomenon of surveillance and new social movements. In this context, the success of these movements in achieving their goals has been questioned through symbolic or lowagency digital activism called "slacktivism". In addition, the transformation of surveillance into a daily routine, the use of big data by governments and companies, and the reflections of ownership and interest relations observed in traditional media in the context of new media have been one of the main focuses of the study. While there is a very large academic literature on the manipulation of society through traditional media, studies on the processes of shaping society through new xiv media have not yet gained sufficient scope and depth in the literature. One of the main factors affecting this situation is the increase in the speed of communication with the opportunities offered by technology, so that the masses are instantly aware of the events taking place and have the capacity to quickly create new trends and tendencies within themselves. Although social media seems to be a structure that allows the most independent and versatile forms of communication in the historical evolution of the media, it actually reproduces the elements of bias, interest relations and propaganda-based communication encountered in traditional media. In this study, examples from the world, the states hegemonic structure, the media's authoritarian structure in the context of ownership relations and ownership of the connection with the connection to the prominent of the society that stands out of the imposed patterns to go out of the patterns of the prominent. Within the framework of critical economic-political approaches, propaganda models that shape the ideological functions of mass media tools are questioning how they manifest in the new media environment. In the context of traditional media, surveillance activities are often shaped around the national security discourse and normalized and legitimized. On the other hand, the new media has played an active role in ordinaryization of supervision by carrying this process much further. In addition, companies operating in the new media have built a large data -oriented surveillance system through various policies and user agreements, visible to the consent of users. The large data collected have the potential to have a direct and strong impact on individuals' decision -making mechanisms by using it as an ideological tool in many areas from election processes to advertising.