The rise of racist nationalism in political, economic and social crises: The German case

Although Germany's history is often associated with two world wars, the most prominent feature seen in every turn of German history is racist nationalism. Germany is the country where crises and the resulting racism are most clearly observed. German history has witnessed racist nationalism becoming a chronic problem. The racist nationalism in Germany is rooted in historical events, especially the periods between the two world wars and the crises during World War II, which escalated racist nationalism and led to genocide. In this context, racist nationalism in Germany is rising with political, economic, and social crises. This study examines the rise of racist nationalism in times of crisis using the example of Germany. The main purpose of the study is to demonstrate that racist nationalism in Germany has risen in response to economic, political, and social crises in the country. Firstly, concepts of racism, nationalism, and crisis will be discussed. Then, the historical background of racist nationalism in Germany will be examined. Following that, the crises that have had a significant impact on the rise of racist nationalism in Germany will be addressed. The study will focus on the examination of the rise of racist nationalism in Germany in the context of events such as World War I, the 1929 Great Depression, World War II, the 1960-1970 Guest Worker Program, the 1979 Oil Crisis, the post-1989 period of German reunification, the 2008 Global Economic Crisis, the Refugee Crisis, and the Pandemic Crisis.