Evaluation of some biochemical values in patients withschizophrenia and bipolar disorder and formation of riskestimation models

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate biochemical parameters in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder and to form risk prediction models. Hypothesis: A significant difference of biochemical parameter values was expected between control group and patients with schizophrenia and bipolar patients. Methods: Biochemical parameters such as thyroid function tests (TSH, T3 and T4), 25-OH D3, calcium ferritin, iron, folate, vitamin B12, magnesium levels were statically measured in 65 schizophrenia patients and 65 bipolar disorder patients. The results obtained from these measurements were evaluated for risk analysis of healthy control group. Individuals with no known metabolic disorder or a drug use that might affect TSH, T3, T4, 25-OH D3, calcium ferritin, iron, folate and magnesium were included in the control group. Findings: Male ratio among patients with schizophrenia was %55.4 while female ratio among bipolar disorder was %61.5. Compare to Control groups, vitamin B12 (p=0.013) and Ferritin (p=0.035) levels of male patients with bipolar disorder were high, while their T3 level (p<0.001) was found low. No statistically significant difference was found for TSH, 25-OH D3, Folate, Calcium, Iron, Magnesium and T4 levels (p>0.05). Compare to Control groups, patients diagnosed with schizophrenia had lower levels of T3 (p<0.001). No statistically significant difference was observed for TSH, Vitamin B12, Ferritin, 25-OH D3, Folate, Calcium, Iron, Magnesium, T4 levels (p>0.05). Compare to Control groups, higher levels of Ferritin (p=0.002), T4 (p=0.019) and lower level of T3 were observed in female patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. No statistically significant difference was observed in terms of TSH, Vitamin B12, 25-OH Vitamin D3, Folate, Calcium, Iron, Magnesium (p>0.05). Conclusion: Treatment with psychotropic drugs might fail unless vitamin deficiencies are identified and managed. In psychotic symptoms; replacement of vitamins with low serum levels would have a positive effect along with anti-psychotic treatment. Thus, serum Vitamin B12, T3, T4 and TSH hormones along with ferritin levels should be a routine screening test in the initial application of psychiatric patients with cognitive inefficiency.