In vitro examining of osteoblastic activity on sodium tetraborate coated titanium surfaces

Surface structures in osseointegration of implants are important for long term success. Studies show that osseointegration is related with bone healing and bone remodelling. Bone tissue response against dental implants depends on physical factors, chemical factors, design of implants and its surface structures. Surface success of dental implants depends on the ideal level of colonization, proliferation and adhesion of osteoblast cells on these surfaces. The increase of cell proliferation and adhesion differs to the ruggedness of titanium surfaces. Numerous studies in literature show the antimicrobial activity of boron element, however there is no study showing the activity of osteoblast cells on boron coated dental implant surfaces. The aim of this study is to examine the osteoblast cell activity on boron coated implant surfaces. In the study, 6mm diameter and 3.5mm height cylindric shaped 9 samples in each three groups were created. In the pilot study, boron coated surface samples were monitored and both boron and biocompatible calcium were found on the samples. Additionally, cytotoxicity tests were performed with one control group and three experimental groups of titanium machined surface, acid etched titanium surface, and boron coated titanium surfaces. Histological measurements were perfomed for osteoconductivity levels on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, and 14th days, and SEM analysis was performed on a sample randomly selected from each group. The results indicated that boron coated titanium surfaces have positive effects on cell proliferation and cell vitality. Keywords: Boron, titanium surface, osteoblast, dental implant, osseoconductivity