Sürdürülebilir ulaşım sistemleri için değerlendirme yaklaşımları ve uygulamaları

Sustainable Transportation is one of the key factors for societies aiming to build a future based on Sustainable Development. Both the United Nations and the European Union are focusing on projects, plans and studies on Sustainable Transportation to achieve the Sustainability goal by 2030. The main reason is that, as a result of extensive research, it has been determined that Transportation contributes approximately 30% of the total harmful gas emissions released into the world. This study, based on a wide literature review, observed that one of the most important methodologies in evaluating the sustainability of any sector is Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM). Similarly, in evaluating sustainable transportation systems, MCDM techniques have become frequently used to make comparisons between alternatives. It has also been observed that Fuzzy Set Theory is used together with MCDM methods to eliminate uncertainty. Decomposed fuzzy sets, newly introduced to the literature and derived from intuitionistic fuzzy sets, are based on taking expert evaluations from different perspectives in uncertain situations. This approach enables experts to express their opinions by asking the same topic in different ways. By using functional and dysfunctional questions from optimistic and pessimistic perspectives, decision makers are helped to reflect their knowledge, experience and personal views more clearly. Decomposed fuzzy sets also aim to provide the best solution under uncertainty by considering inconsistent or indecisive responses. In this thesis, decomposed fuzzy sets are integrated with q-Rung Orthopair fuzzy number set and expanded with EDAS and MAIRCA methods, named as DqROF EDAS and DqROF MAIRCA. These methods are explained with case studies in aviation. Finally, q-Rung Orthopair sets were compared with fuzzy-based approaches, and the new methods provided successful results.