Saudi Arabia's policy of the Horn of African: Mutual relations and regional rivalry

This thesis focuses on the relationship between the Regional Security Complex and security sectors which gained popularity after the cold war and the Horn of Africa policies of Saudi Arabia after 2010. The study is based on the positive relationship between RSC, security sectors and Saudi Arabia's Horn of Africa policies and the impact of the competition created by these policies on the Horn of Africa region. In this context, the Horn is chosen as a sample region due to its geopolitical location and geographical proximity to Saudi Arabia. In the first part of the study, which consists of four parts, is discussed the political history of Ethiopia, Somalia, Eritrea and Djibouti, countries in the Horn of Africa region. In the second part, security sectors, RSC, its elements and levels of analysis, the Middle East and Africa RSCs and its relationship with Saudi Arabia's policies are investigated. In the third part, regional rivals of Saudi Arabia and their policies towards the Horn of Africa are evaluated in terms of the competitive element of the RSC. In the fourth part, Saudi Arabia's the Horn of Africa policies after 2010, the security threats that go toward to his region and the relationship between these threats and the RSC are determined. As a result of the study, it has been determined that there is a relationship between Saudi Arabia's policies towards the Horn of Africa and the RSC after 2010. Civil war after the Arab Spring, the decline in oil prices and the economic threatss, growing population in the country, and the food threat that emerged after the climate crisis in 2008 has been seen as security problems. It has been determined that the Kingdom developed policies to ensure security in these areas and competed with regional powers while implementing these policies, providing national security. In the thesis, it has been argued that security is not only military security, but other sectors may also contain security threats and Saudi Arabia has developed its policies towards the Horn of Africa according to these sectors. Keywords: Saudi Arabia, Horn of Africa, Regional Security Complex, Security Sectors, Regional Powers, Red Sea.