Interpretations of traditional Japanese elements in Tadao Ando's architecture: Space, material, and relationship with nature

This thesis examines how traditional Japanese elements are interpreted and integrated into modern architecture in the works of Tadao Ando. The research aims to uncover how Ando's approach to space, material use, and relationship with nature play a significant role in his architectural practice. By analyzing these elements, the study seeks to provide a deeper understanding of their impact on Ando's architectural designs. The six selected projects—Church of the Light, Rokko Housing, Koshino House, Naoshima Contemporary Art Museum, Water Temple, and Sayamaike Museum—were carefully chosen from Ando's extensive portfolio based on specific criteria. These buildings were selected because they best represent the diverse aspects of Ando's architectural philosophy, including his relationship with nature, material use, and spatial design, and they illustrate how he integrates traditional Japanese elements into contemporary structures. Church of the Light exemplifies Ando's use of light and shadow to create a spiritual atmosphere in space, while Rokko Housing demonstrates his ability to harmonize design with challenging topography, integrating natural elements with social living spaces. Koshino House showcases the balance between minimalism and privacy through its use of concrete and natural light. Naoshima Contemporary Art Museum merges nature and art, providing a spatial experience where the environment and design coexist. Water Temple uses water as a central spiritual element, creating a meditative and tranquil environment. Lastly, Sayamaike Museum merges history and modern architecture, reflecting cultural memory and Ando's ability to design spaces that resonate with both the past and the present. Each project was selected to represent a distinct aspect of Ando's architectural philosophy: his relationship with nature, materiality, and the spiritual dimensions of space. The analysis of these projects reveals how Ando reinterprets traditional Japanese architecture in a modern context, highlighting the interplay between space, material, and nature in his work. This study, therefore, offers a comprehensive evaluation of the impact of these elements on contemporary architectural practice. Keywords: Traditional Japanese Architecture, Tadao Ando, Spatial Understanding, Material Use, Relationship with Nature, Architectural Design