Tartışmacı yazılarda bilgisel yardımcı fiillerin ve ana fiillerin derlem analizi

This thesis investigates how native and non-native writers employ epistemic modality by using epistemic modal auxiliaries and lexical verbs in their argumentative essays. Corpus-based contrastive interlanguage analysis, which enables a comparison between the languages, was employed to see how the writers from different L1 backgrounds and native speakers of English use epistemic modal auxiliaries and lexical verbs to make an argumentation in argumentative essays. The epistemic modal auxiliaries and lexical verbs were investigated regarding frequency, diversity, grammatical categories, co-occurrence patterns of the mostly used epistemic devices, and epistemic strength. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses were employed. In quantitative analysis, frequencies were counted along with the log-likelihood tests to determine whether there is a statistically significant difference across four corpora or not. As for the qualitative analysis, concordance lines were examined to observe the structural patterns for comparison. According to the results, there were differences in the use of epistemic modal auxiliaries and lexical verbs in argumentative essays of Norwegian, Japanese, Turkish writers, and their counterparts. It was found there is a similarity between LOCNESS and NICLE in terms of the use of epistemic modal auxiliaries and the use of epistemic would and will. Differently, JPICLE and TRICLE underrepresented epistemic modal auxiliaries in total, especially the epistemic would. On the other hand, JPICLE and TRICLE preferred to use epistemic will more than the other two corpora. When it comes to epistemic strengths, LOCNESS used the medium strength the most whereas JPICLE and TRICLE used the strong epistemic strength the most and the medium epistemic strength the least. NICLE used the epistemic strengths nearly the same; however, it used the weak epistemic strength the most. For epistemic lexical verbs, four corpora used epistemic modal auxiliaries more than epistemic lexical verbs. On the other hand, JPICLE used it the most while TRICLE used it the least. LOCNESS preferred to use epistemic lexical verb show the most whereas the other three corpora overrepresented epistemic think. JPICLE and TRICLE underrepresented epistemic lexical verbs believe and seem while NICLE and LOCNESS used them nearly the same. Regarding the epistemic strengths, four corpora used the medium epistemic strength the most; however, JPICLE overrepresented the medium epistemic strength. LOCNESS used more strong epistemic strength than JPICLE and weak epistemic strength more than TRICLE.