Tıbbı bir bitki olan yabani hindibanın (Cichorium intybus L.) in vitro çoğaltılması

An effcient protocol has been developed for the regeneration of plantlets of witloof chicory, a medicinal plant. After sterilization, chicory seeds were germinated on hormone-free MSMO basal medium (control medium). Leaf petiole and lamina explants were placed onto medium containing various concentrations of KIN and IAA alone or in combinations. Lamina explants cultured on medium containing 0.5 mg/l KIN + 0.3 mg/l IAA had the best response for the shoot formation (19.65 shoots per explant) after 3 weeks cultivation. For later experiments, lamina explants were used due to its higher rate of shoot regenaration capacity. In additon to KIN and IAA, different types of plant growth regulators (NAA, BAP and TDZ) were also tested for shoot formation. In this case, callus formation was remarkable on medium containing 0.3 mg/l NAA in combination with 0.5 mg/l BAP or KIN.Although TDZ at low concentrations in combination with 0.3 or 1.0 mg/l IAA had particular response for the shoot formation, the leaf morphology was abnormal when the well-developed chicory leaves were considered. For rooting stage, shoots were placed in auxin rich medium containing different types of auxins, (2,4-D, NAA, IAA and BAP). The best root formation per explant was found in medium containing 0.5 mg/l IAA (4.24 roots per explant). Moreover, mean values of root number, shoot and root lengths per explant were reduced at higher concentrations of IAA. For chicory, 2,4-D or NAA was not preferable for root formation, since, during root induction, 2,4-D or NAA even at low concentrations reduced both root and shoot development. The seedlings developed on medium containing IAA or IBA were placed in the pots and transferred to the growth chamber in order to be adapted to non-sterile conditions (acclimatization). Thus, in vitro propagation of witloof chicory was completed after 8- 10 weeks from initiation.