Turkey's external relations in period 1950-1960 according to TBMM official reports

Upon signing the Treaty of Lausanne after years of national independence struggle, Turkey left behind many problems and registered its presence with the proclamation of the republic in 1923. Between 1923 and 1938, which is an era called the Atatürk period, there were many successive problems remaining after Lausanne in the foreign policy. During the Second World War years starting in 1939, Turkey was not involved in any war based on its "staying out of war" policy. After the war, Turkey passed into a multi-party political life in line with the new world order; and the Republican People's Party assigned the power to the Democratic Party with the election on 14.05.1950. As soon as the Democratic Party accessed to power, Turkey intensified its relations with the United States and many treaties were concluded between two countries both in political and economic aspects. The intense relation between Turkey and the United States was based on a possible Soviet Threat from the North. With the Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan, Turkey became a good ally in the Middle East for the United States. The Democratic Party dispatched soldiers to the war erupting in Korea soon after the Democratic Party accessed to power and Turkey entered to NATO in February 1952 with the effect of the said step in the foreign policy. Although there were some burdens of being a member of NATO, Turkey improved its relations with the West in every aspect and had a huge gain in strengthening and renewing its economy and improving its democracy. In terms of the Balkan policy, after becoming a member of NATO, Turkey started searching for an alliance in Balkans too and signed the Balkan Pact with Greece and Yugoslavia. Similarly, in August 1953, these three countries concluded the Bled Treaty which was an extended version of the Balkan Pact. However, the said triple alliance did not last long as a result of the Cyrus problem with Greece and the pro- Soviet policy of Yugoslavia. With respect to the relation of the Democratic Party with the East, there were again cooperation treaties and defensive pacts. On 24.02.1955, Baghdad Pact was established when England and then Pakistan and Iran joined to the cooperation treaty signed between Turkey and Iraq in line with their interest in the Middle East. In 1959, Baghdad Pact turned into CENTO excluding Iraq as a result of the changes in the world politics especially in the Middle East. Although the Baghdad Pact and CENTO allowed only a basic framework for the regional cooperation in the Middle East, these neither created a core for the Middle East development organisation nor became an effective defence organisation. In conclusion, one of the issues keeping turkey occupied the most in foreign policy was the Cyprus problem. Until 1954, Turkey did not see the Cyprus issue as a problem but upon the activities of Greece, Turkey had to deal with Cyprus closely after the said date. During the resolution process of the Cyprus problem, 6-7 September events occurring in Turkey caused a conference held in London to be ceased and left Turkey in a difficult situation internationally. After these developments, the Cyprus problem was solved by the Zurich Conference establishing an independent Republic managed both by the Greeks and the Turks.