Comparison the usage possibilities of algae, lichen and organic wastes as biosorbent

The increased circulation of dye pollutants in water, soil and air, and the location of these pollutants in the human food chain are seen as an important environmental problem. Water pollution control has gained great importance in recent years. Dyes given to water sources also form part of this pollution as organic load. Removal of contaminants such as dye has been developed for liquid wastes such as chemical precipitation, ion exchange, ozonation, coagulation-flocculation, adsorption. However, these methods have several disadvantages, such as the elimination of unforeseeable contaminants, high cost, and toxic sludge. Biosorption has emerged as an environmentally friendly, economical and effective method with low cost and capacity to remove pollutants such as dye. The purpose of this study is to investigate the possibilities of using cheap biosorbents for the removal of two different textile dyes by biosorption. In the study, 4 different organic waste species (bananas, seed, orange and potato shells), 3 different lichen species (Cladonia convoluta, Pseudevernia furfuracea and Evernia prunastri) and 2 different algae species (Phormidium animale and Scenedesmus sp.) was used as biosorbent. Using these biosorbents, the biosorption of the aqueous solution of Acid Red P-2BX and Remazol Black was investigated, which are used generally in textile industry. The duration of contact on biosorption, pH, dye concentration, biosorbent, amount and temperature effect were investigated. It was identified as the banana shell of the best removal from organic wastes and the en uygun conditions for ARP-2BX biosorption were determined as pH 2 and 45°C, and biosorption efficiency was calculated as 73.48%. En uygun conditions for dye biosorption of P. furfuracea, the best removal for lichens, were found to be pH 2 and 45°C, and RBB biosorption removal was 99.05%. The highest efficiency in the algaes is P. animale, and the en uygun conditions for maximum biosorption are pH 2 and 45°C, and the ARP-2BX biosorption ratio is 99.70%. In addition, FT-IR and Elemental analyzes were carried out to determine interactions between dye and biosorbents. As a result, it has been found that the removal of pollutants such as textile dyes with cheap biosorbents is highly efficient with biosorption, which is a low cost, environmentally friendly and highly efficient treatment method. Keywords: Biosorption; Textile Dye; Biosorbents; Dye