Manufacturing and research the characteristics of antibacterial-based bioactive and bio-compatible surfaces on commercial pure titanium

In this study, it is aimed to create antibacterial and bioactive surfaces on the commercial purity titanium surface which is widely used in the biomedical field. For this reason, using micro arc oxidation (MAO) and PVD thermal evaporation coating techniques, on cp-Ti surfaces; silver, copper and zinc based TiO2 coatings of 1, 3 and 5 nm were produced. Phase structures, surface morphologies, elemental structures and hydrophilic / hydrophobic properties of the surface, respectively; XRD, SEM, EDS and contact angle measurement analysis. TiO2, brokite TiO2 and rutile TiO2 phases were detected on all MAO and PVD surfaces. MAO surfaces are porous and rough due to the microsparks that occur during the process. Although the surface chemistry has changed due to the nano layers after PVD, the morphology of the surface has not changed. After MAO and PVD processes, elements such as Ti, O, Si, Ag, Cu and Zn were detected on the surfaces, and these elements were homogeneously distributed throughout the surface. As a result of the contact angle measurement, the MAO surfaces showed hydrophilic properties, while the surfaces showed hydrophobic properties after PVD coating. This situation arises from the fact that MAO surfaces are in polar structure, while the surfaces lose their polarity after PVD. To investigate the predicted bioactivity ability of the coatings in vitro, samples were immersed for 14 days at 36,5 ° C and 1.0X SBF (artificial body fluid). Post-immersion surfaces were investigated with SEM and EDX devices. For the same thickness values after the examination; zinc surfaces exhibited better bioactivity properties compared to copper surfaces and copper surfaces compared to silver. It showed slightly better bioactivity performance compared to the silver MAO surface. The antibacterial activities of MAO and Ag, Cu and Zn coated MAO surfaces were evaluated against Gram negative E. coli and Gram positive S. aureus using the colony counting method. The antibacterial properties of MAO surfaces are lower compared to silver, copper and zinc based surfaces. For the same coating thickness values against E.coli and S.aureus bacteria after bacteria tests; silver based surfaces exhibited better antibacterial properties compared to zinc based surfaces and zinc based surfaces compared to copper based surfaces.