Effect of dietary inflammatory index on inflammatory markers and metabolic parameters, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

In this study, it was aimed to determine the effects of dietary inflammatory index (DII) on inflammation markers and metabolic parameters by determining the food consumption status of adults with type 2 diabetes. 120 adult individuals with type 2 diabetes between the ages of 30-74 who were under control in the Diabetes Polyclinic of Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine participated in this study as a case group and 30 healthy adults from the same age group as a control group. The food consumption frequency form was applied to calculate the DII according to the consumption averages of the nutrients and to evaluate the food consumption status of the individuals. In order to evaluate the effect of DII on metabolic parameters, current records of biochemical findings were taken from patient files. TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β parameters were analyzed to evaluate the relation between DII and inflammatory markers. The average of DII scores of the case group was -0.028 ± 1.886, and the average of the control group was 0.093 ± 1.560. TNF-α levels of individuals in the 4th quartile were found to be higher than the other quartiles in the case group and the quartile in the control group (p<0,05). The IL-6 levels of the third and fourth quartiles were higher than the control group quartile (p<0,05). All quartiles with type 2 diabetes had IL-1β levels higher than the healthy quartile (p<0,05). In the regression analysis, it was determined that there was a positive relation between TNF-α and DII in the case group (β=0.639; p<0.05). In the case group with a high DII score, daily energy, total fat, and saturated fat average intakes are high; Vitamin E, riboflavin, niacin, fiber, folic acid and magnesium intakes are low. (p<0,05). In conclusion, it was detected that DII was a feasible index used in determining inflammatory potential of diet in with type 2 diabetes. For this reason, in individuals with type 2 diabetes, a diet that includes daily recommended energy and nutrients by considering anti-inflammatory foods. It is thought that the most important action to be taken will be to prevent metaflammation in order to prevent the progression of diabetes and to reduce the risk of complications.