Relations of nutritional properties to sex, age, body mass index and diabetes parameters in patients with TYPE 2 diabetes

Type 2 diabetes and obesity have become an important public health problem in developed and developing countries due to the rapid changes in lifestyle. In this study, it was aimed to understand the relationship between nutrition habits, dietary parameters, and anthropometric characteristics of the patients with type 2 diabetes. The study was carried out on a total of 206 patients with type 2 diabetes, 134 women and 72 men, who were older than 18 years of age. In the study, a questionnaire including personal information, anthropometric measurements and biochemical parameters of patients, a form of physical activity, and a retrospective 24-hour food consumption record form of the patients who were not able to record 3-day follow-up were used. After the preliminary study, patients whose daily energy consumption was below 1200 kcal were excluded from the analysis since it was thought to be not reliable. Further statistical analyses were conducted to the patients whose daily energy intake was at least 1200 kcal. The mean daily energy intake of women was found 1537,84±271,75 kcal, whereas it was found 1596,07±285,56 for men. The rate of carbohydrates, protein and fat obtained from total energy were found 35,89±6,81%, 16,18±3,31% and 47,90±6,42% for women; 37,29±7,95%, 17,44±4,28%, and 45,16±8,10% for men respectively. The mean body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, hip circumference, and waist/hip ratio were found 31,25±6,07 kg/m2, 101,65±11,90 cm, 107,56±10,58 cm and 0,93 for women, and 27,79±3,90 kg/m2, 100,91±9,09 cm, 102,44±8,12 cm and 0,98 for men respectively. Mean BMI value of women was within the limits of obesity, whereas mean BMI value of men was within the limits of pre-obesity. Moreover, the waist and hip circumference, and waist/hip ratio were found above the risk limits in both groups. These results suggested a possible relationship between obesity and type 2 diabetes. Key Words: Type 2 Diabetes, Obesity, Nutrient Intake, Carbohydrate:Protein:Fat Ratio, Body Mass Index