Synthesis, characterization and biological activities of triazole group containing coumarin derivatives

Coumarins are natural compounds found in the structure of many plants. Recently, due to factors such as multidrug resistance and cytotoxicity in the pharmaceutical industry, the scientific world has been focusing on the use of coumarins as active ingredients for new drug discovery. In the literature, it has been determined that coumarins show biological activity in many areas such as anticancer, antiviral, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antitumor. It is also known that compounds containing triazole group are widely used in the world of medicine and pharmaceuticals. For this purpose, we have synthesized new coumarins containing a series of triazole group. The structures of these synthesized compounds were elucidated and confirmed by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, UV-Visible, fluorescence spectroscopy and mass spectrometry using various purification procedures. In order to investigate the enzyme activities of triazole-coumarin compounds, α-glucosidase, cholinesterase, tyrosinase, oxidative nuclease were investigated. The IC50 value of the synthesized coumarin-triazole target molecule 17 was determined as 38.98 ± 0.77 µM. The IC50 value of acarbose, which was used as a positive control in the study, was determined as 64.49 ± 2.53 µM. These results showed that the alpha-glucosidase inhibition activity of compound 17 was 1.65 times higher than that of acarbose. It was found that the compounds did not show any inhibitory effect on cholinesterase and tyrosine. It was also observed that the compounds did not show oxidative nuclease effect. Considering these data, IC50 values of the compounds suggest that the toxic effect may be low. It is thought that precise information on toxicity can be supported by cell viability tests.