Judicial fine in Turkish criminal law

Since the beginning of the 19th century, phenomenon of judicial fine has become an indispensable part of the criminal law enforcement systems of most countries and Turkish criminal law system is one of these. Especially following the entry into force of the Turkish Criminal Code numbered 5237, the significance of the judicial fine is increased even more in Turkish legal system. In this regard, this study firstly examines the development of judicial fine as a punishment. Later, it assesses how the judicial fine is regulated and determined under Turkish criminal law. Finally, it examines the judicial fine within the perspective of criminal execution law, security measures and criminal procedure law. It should be noted that, in addition to the directly imposed judicial fines, this study also addresses the judicial fines that were converted from imprisonment as an alternative sanction.