Supernatural and mythological beings in Turkish folk beliefs

Throughout human history, people have sought meaning in the face of the unknown and developed beliefs concerning supernatural beings. In Turkish folk beliefs, supernatural and mythological beings are not merely imaginary figures but significant indicators reflecting the society's moral understanding, its relationship with nature, and its cultural identity. These beings have shaped the fears, hopes, and values of the people at both individual and collective levels. This study examines the supernatural and mythological beings found in Turkish folk beliefs within the framework of the discipline of History of Religions. The thesis consists of an introduction and two main chapters. The introduction presents the research topic, purpose, method, scope, and original aspects, outlining a theoretical framework based on the relevant literature. The first chapter analyzes religiously characterized supernatural beings such as jinn, Dabbatu'l-Arz, Dajjal, angels, devils, and Gog and Magog, evaluating their place and function within folk beliefs. The second chapter focuses on mythological figures such as Alkarısı, Şahmaran, Bozkurt, Tepegöz, Umay, and Gulyabani, examining their reflections in folk culture and their social functions. The study concludes that the supernatural and mythological beings present in Turkish folk beliefs constitute an important part of the society's historical and cultural structure, playing a functional role in shaping the people's value system and their conception of the universe. Furthermore, these beliefs are considered a significant heritage in terms of preserving cultural identity and transmitting it to future generations.