Milli Görüş Movement in Turkish political life (1970-1980)

After the May 27, 1960 Coup, politicians were put on trial, the 1961 Constitution was prepared, and coalition governments were established by holding elections. Saying that it is the continuation of the Democratic Party, the Justice Party gradually rose until the 12 March 1971 Memorandum. During this period, the Justice Party also received the support of the Islamists. But in the freedom environment of the 1961 Constitution, this section also tended to establish its own party. Fort this, Mechanical Engineer Prof. Dr. They went to party under the leadership of Necmettin Erbakan. These movements of the Islamic section disturbed the Republican section. For this reason, the National Order Party, the first party founded by the Islamists, was closed because it was against secularism. Those who founded the National Order Party established the National Salvation Party in the 12 March Memorandum when their parties were closed. But this time they tried to be more careful. Turkish Politics recognized the concept of "National Vision" together with the National Salvation Party. This concept was also used for other parties to be established by Erbakan, such as the National Order Party and the National Salvation Party. After the 1973 Elections, the National Salvation Party and the Republican People's Party formed a coalition government. In this way, the legitimacy of the National Salvation Party increased. However, this partnership did not last long. The fact that Bülent Ecevit became more popular, especially after the Cyprus Operation, brought the end of this partnership. This situation brought the right-wing parties together. Thus, the Nationalist Front Governments were born. Until September 12, 1980, the National Salvation Party was seen as a sought-after partner in governments. With the strength he got from here, he proposed the establishment of a minority government called the "National Restoration Government" before 12 September. The National Salvation Party, which received the support of the Islamist segment, increased its actions and rhetoric with the confidence it felt for itself. One of these actions, the "Jerusalem Rally", was the last straw on 12 September. The country's political, economic and social destabilization has led to the idea of the high-ranking commanders in the Army that an intervention is necessary in order to eliminate these problems. The army seized the administration on September 12, 1980 and tried to make moves to solve the problems. During this period, political party leaders were sent to their mandatory residence addresses for their safety. A short while later, Justice Party and Republican People's Party leaders were released, while National Salvation Party and Nationalist Movement Party leaders were arrested and tried in martial law courts. All political activities were terminated by the National Security Council, and the parties were closed. After the constitutional referendum, the signals of a return to democracy were given and the election date was announced. The National Salvation Party allowed the established of new parties in a controlled manner, but many parties were vetoed. After the 1983 General Elections, the Motherland Party came to power, and a few years later, the political ban on political party leaders was lifted by referendum. Like other banned leaders, Necmettin Erbakan returned to politics and was elected as the chairman of the Welfare Party, which was founded on his orders, after a short time. This thesis deals with the period when the Islamist section took an active role in Turkish Political History. This period includes the process in which he went from taking part in other parties and started to establish his own parties. In other words, the seventies are covered in the thesis. The political activity of the Islamist section has been shaped intricately by the political adventure of Necmettin Erbakan, who is the symbol name of a school that has continued until today. The thesis started with the establishment of the Independent Movement by the Islamist segment, who could not find what they expected from the Justice Party. The period until the lifting of the bans implemented after September 12, 1980 was examined. The political developments in Turkey, which were processed chronologically, were evaluated in the axis of Necmettin Erbakan and Milli Görüş (National Opinion). He analyzed the transition from the National Order Party to the National Salvation Party. Official sources, periodicals, memoirs and research works have been used in the writing of these subjects that will shed light on the Recent Period. This thesis describes the political adventure of Necmettin Erbakan, a school in Turkish Political History. In this narrative, the political events of the period were also included. In this thesis, the period from May 27, 1960 to September 12, 1980 is explained. In this period, which is told chronologically, the political developments are discussed in the context of Erbakan and his parties. Among the parties, especially the National Salvation Party was highlighted. In the thesis, which will shed light on the recent period, official sources, periodicals, memoirs and research works have been used.