Visual based lessons in Turkey's contemporary educational institutions curriculum (1773-1882)

In this study, the existence of visual lessons in the curriculum of military schools and civic schools opened to educate the public has been examined to bring the army to a better level. What was the training in these schools where new methods were being tested? What lessons were there? What arrangements have been made for visual lessons in these lessons? It was aimed that the findings obtained in this research which was searched for such and such questions should shed light on the functioning of the visual lessons in contemporary education institutions of the Ottoman State. The Ottoman Empire was an exemplary state in Europe with its management, army and social institutions at the beginning of the new era. But XVI. YY. With European reform movements and geographical discoveries, this situation has begun to change. XVII. Soil wholeness begins to shake. In the century, the Ottoman Empire has now admitted that radical changes have to be made in every area. The first and urgent of these changes are the changes that must be made to the military field. Because everything in the Ottoman state order was organized according to the needs and the order of the army. Correcting the army means getting lost lands. If it is thought that the Ottoman State wants to follow the changes in the West closely and to catch the same pace, it is an indisputable fact that the first institutions from the West will be military schools. The first fundamental condition for innovations in the military field is the reorganization of education. It is evident that the vast majority of military defeats can not be denied due to lack of education. But in the education system, it began to be difficult to respond to the needs of the times. Educational institutions, like other social institutions, have lived as long as they have responded to society's needs. When they can not fulfill these functions, they have either undergone changes or have opened new institutions in their places. Educational institutions of the founding years of the Ottoman Empire met society's needs for a period of time, but XVI. Have not been able to keep pace with the changing world conditions since the 19th century, and even since the organizations and programs in the foundation years have deteriorated, they have begun to prevent the progress of the society. In the face of this situation, it has become a necessity to open new modern educational institutions besides this old education organization which is based on the madrasa system. This provokes XVIII. It is a century that the first and fundamental innovations were made in the field of education as well as many landscapes in the Ottoman Empire of the 19th century. XVIII. At the beginning of the contemporary educational institutions that have been opened since the beginning of the 19th century, the military schools, Mühendishâne-i Bahri-i Hümâyun, Mühendishâne-i Berrî-i Hümâyun, Mekteb-i Medya-i Shahane, Mekteb-i Harbiye, -i We can count mule schools. The new programs, methods, teaching aids, teachers and students applied to these schools are a starting point for reforms of the Ottoman State in the field of education. The different education system in military schools has brought many innovations together. There is also a great influence of military schools in the Western-style picture when it comes into Turkish society. The study was limited to the Mekteb-i Mülkiye School, which was the first military school in the Ottoman Empire, and the schools that were opened between these two institutions, starting with Mühendishâne-i Bahri-i Humayun, the pioneer of reform movements in the field of civil education.