Evaluation of electric vehicles impact on medium voltage distribution system in Turkey

In one of the major cities in Turkey, the impacts of electric vehicles were examined on medium voltage distribution grid that includes 36 power transformers by using Digsilent PowerFactory software with SCADA data. For this purpose, the distribution grid from HV / MV power transformers to MV / LV distribution transformers is modeled by creating a 15-minute resolution load characteristic for the day when the maximum load is observed and this load characteristic is distributed to all feeders. As a result of the load flow analysis performed with the software, maximum loading, maximum voltage drop and the reactive power and power factor change in the case of reactive support from EVs were examined for the years 2025 and 2030 with random charging, charging at parking and night tariff scenarios. It has also been examined for • penetration rates varied between 5% - 37% of the number of electric vehicles • situations that charging stations are distributed over the feeder and that EVs are connected to the power transformer at the furthest point • situations that electric vehicles contribute reactive power within the scope of controlled charging As a result of the study, it has been shown that even at 37% penetration rate, the negative effects of EVs on the medium voltage distribution grid will be extremely small and electric vehicles can contribute positively to the existing medium voltage distribution grid by providing reactive power support with night charging.