Problems faced by Syrians under temporary protection in Turkey in the manufacturing sector: The case of Bursa Inegol

Migration is a universal phenomenon deeply rooted in the history of humankind, leaving its impact on different societies and geographies. People have migrated for various reasons from the past to the present, and these migration movements continue unabated in our modern times. When the phenomenon of migration is examined in a historical context, it becomes evident that wars and prolonged periods of famine have been major triggers for large-scale migration flows. Wars, in particular, have a unique impact, leading to the emergence of rapid and massive waves of irregular migration. The Syrian civil war, which began in 2011, and its regional repercussions naturally initially affected neighboring countries and later reached a global scale. Turkey implemented an open-door policy towards refugees. As a result of this policy, the number of Syrian refugees residing in Turkey has reached 3.4 million today. These waves of migration have presented Turkey with economic, social, societal, and environmental challenges. This study aims to focus on the issue of employment, which is among the economic problems. Bursa is one of Turkey's important industrial cities and hosts a significant number of Syrians. Therefore, it is an ideal choice as a research universe. İnegöl, being one of the industrial districts of Bursa, is home to thousands of Syrian workers. To gain insights into the industrial sector in Bursa and, consequently, nationwide, İnegöl district has been selected as the research universe. Syrian refugees' working conditions, occupational status, wage levels, satisfaction levels, reverse migration thoughts, etc. It is aimed to determine the employment status of asylum seekers and the problems they experience by conducting research on these issues. Face-to-face surveys were conducted with a total of 407 refugees in İnegöl's organized industrial, automotive, and woodworking industries to achieve this goal. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS program, and the results were presented in tabular form. Overall assessments were made based on the findings, and various recommendations were provided to policymakers.