Comparison of higher education graphic design education in Turkey and Pakistan in terms of curriculum programs

Graphic design is an art discipline that encompasses various designs created using visual elements and text with the purpose of conveying a certain message to the target audience. Graphic design education is an important field that holds a significant place in today's world. In this rapidly changing and evolving era, it has become essential for graphic design education to be up-to-date. Higher education institutions, as an important part of the education system, should adapt to the modern times in order to contribute to the development of societies, support intercultural interaction, and cultivate individuals with research and production skills. Therefore, in order to have a successful education system, they should make periodic adjustments and innovations in their educational programs to progress together with the advancing and developing times. The aim of this study is to compare the curricula, course contents, teaching, learning processes, course materials used, admission and graduate requirements of the graphic design education of ten well-known universities in Turkey and Pakistan, in total, and to determine the differences and similarities between them. The data for this study was obtained through document analysis and examined using descriptive analysis. The findings revealed both similarities and differences among the programs of the selected universities in Turkey and Pakistan, which were then interpreted to draw conclusions and provide recommendations based on these observations.