Political structure of triple Sultanate Period in Anatolian Seljuks (1246-1262)

Anatolian Seljuks lost their power and authority when Gıyaseddyn Keyhusrev II acceded to the throne. Especially, Anatolia was smothered by Mongols after Kösedağ War between Mongols and Anatolian Seljuks in 1242. Gıyaseddyn Keyhusrev II died in Alaiye and behind of him there were three sons, who had right for the throne and they were candidate for sultanate. Izzeddyn Keykavus II., who was the eldest of the brothers, was acceded to the throne of Anatolian Seljuks by the statesman. Meanwhile, Sultan Keykavus II. who was called for the ceremony and qurultai of accession to throne of Guyuk Khan, did not attend to it and sent his brother Rukhneddyn Kilich Arslan IV. Nevertheless. Kilich Arslan IV., who took edict and military support from Guyuk Khan, returned to Anatolia and declared his sultanate against to his big brother Izzeddyn Keykavus II. in 1249 and than İzzeddyn Keykavus II. won the war the brothers. In order to prevent a potential war between the brothers. Izzeddyn Keykavus II., Rukhneddyn Kilic Arslan IV. and Alaaddyn Keyqubat II. were acceded to the throne together, by suggestion of Celaleddyn Qaratai. But Celaleddyn Qaratai's unexpected death and Alaaddyn Keyqubat's II. suspicious death during travel of Turkistan, caused to end of this common reign in a short time. The next process continued with struggles between two brothers Izzeddin Keykavus II. and IV. Kılıç Arslan In this study, the events which prepared the triple sultanate period and occurred during this period were handled by us. The influence of Celaleddyn Qaratai who was the planner of the period, was emphasized. In the conclusion section, it was mentioned that the opinions about the triple reign period.