Yangından 30 yıl sonra yetiştirilen ağaç türleri toprakların sorpsiyon özelliklerini nasıl şekillendirir?

The aim of this study was to examine the sorption characteristics of soils under various tree species and management practices, specifically investigating how different introduced tree species alter the sorption properties of soil, including changes in litter quality, rhizosphere effects, and soil properties. The study also assessed the long-term consequences of these alterations, 30 years after a fire, and their implications for managing and restoring the environment. The ultimate goal of the research was to advance knowledge on how imported tree species affect soil characteristics and offer insights into their possible impacts on ecosystem functioning and services in post-fire areas. The study employed an experimental design with four different tree species (oak, pine, larch, and birch) and considered carbon and non-carbon factors. Soil pits were dug to collect samples, and the morphological characteristics of each soil horizon were described. Soil pH was measured in water and 1M KCl, while the properties of the sorption complex, such as exchangeable acidity (Hh), cation exchange capacity (CEC), base saturation (BS), and concentrations of base cations (Ca2+, K+, Mg2+, and Na+), were determined. Results showed variations in pH values across soil layers and tree species. The CEC values differed among tree species and were highest in the upper layer of soil, particularly in the case of larch with carbon. Calcium concentrations were highest in the upper layer, while potassium and magnesium concentrations were higher in the surface layer compared to the subsurface layer. Sodium concentrations were not significantly affected by carbon content but varied with depth. Base saturation percentages were highest in birch species with carbon removal. The sorption complex properties were influenced mainly by depth rather than tree species. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed correlations between soil properties, indicating that pH had a negative correlation with other investigated parameters. The surface and subsurface layers showed differences in correlation patterns. Overall, this study contributes to our understanding of how different tree species and management practices can influence soil sorption properties in post-fire areas. The findings can inform ecosystem management and restoration efforts, providing valuable insights for sustainable forest management practices.