The effect of attitude and motivation on student achievement with structural equation models: 8th grade students mathematics course example

This study was conducted to examine the impact of 8th-grade students' attitudes and motivation toward mathematics on their success in the mathematics section of the High School Entrance System (LGS). Using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), one of the multivariate statistical methods, direct and indirect relationships between factors affecting students' mathematics success were analyzed. The sample of the study consisted of 8th-grade students studying in Istanbul. Scales developed to measure students' levels of motivation and attitudes were evaluated through Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). A model was then created and analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling method. The findings revealed that the factors influencing students' mathematics success were not solely related to individual attitudes and motivation but also influenced by environmental factors such as family and teacher support. According to the results, students' positive attitudes toward mathematics and high levels of motivation have a significant impact on their success. Furthermore, indirect effects of demographic factors such as socioeconomic status, parental education level, and gender were identified. Emotional and academic support provided by families facilitated the development of a positive approach toward mathematics among students. Similarly, teachers providing individual guidance and maintaining positive communication with students emerged as critical factors contributing to success. The study suggests that strategies aimed at improving students' attitudes and motivation should be developed to enhance mathematics achievement. In this context, it is essential for families to provide emotional and academic support to their children. Additionally, increasing collaboration between families and teachers could establish a comprehensive support mechanism for student success. This study contributes to the literature by demonstrating how Structural Equation Modeling can be utilized in educational research. Keywords: Structural Equation Models, Factor Analysis, LGS, Mathematics Achievement, Factors Affecting Success