Determination of happiness and hopeless levels of swimming referees (Batman province example)

This study examines the levels of happiness and hopelessness among swimming referees in relation to various variables. A total of 200 referees, who were actively serving in the province of Batman, voluntarily participated in this thesis study. In order to collect demographic information of the participants, a "Questionnaire Form" was used, while the "Oxford Happiness Scale" was employed to determine the levels of happiness, and the "Beck Hopelessness Scale" was utilized to assess the levels of hopelessness. The statistical analysis of the obtained data was conducted using the SPSS v.27 program, and T-Test and ANOVA tests were applied to ensure accurate data analysis. The analyses investigated whether there were significant differences between variables such as gender, marital status, age, education level, refereeing experience, professions, etc., and the levels of happiness and hopelessness. The results showed that there was no significant relationship between the referees' gender, marital status, age, and education level, and their levels of happiness. However, significant differences were found between their levels of happiness and their refereeing experience, number of competitions officiated, professions, and professional experience. Regarding the referees' levels of hopelessness, it was found that there was no relationship between gender and education level and the level of hopelessness, whereas significant differences were observed between the level of hopelessness and variables such as marital status, age, profession, professional experience, refereeing experience, and the number of competitions officiated. Additionally, the study explored the correlational relationship between happiness and hopelessness levels. The findings indicated a negative and significant relationship between the scores on the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ) and the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) (p<0.001). As the total scores on the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire increased, the total scores on the Beck Hopelessness Scale were found to decrease.