Réflexions de Zygmunt Bauman sur l'état-providence

This study has been prepared in order to contribute to the discussion of the responsibilities of the state towards its nationality and the limits of these responsibilities with a new perspective. The main question to be answered with the help of one of the most important sociologists of our age, Zygmunt Bauman's theory of the liquid modernity, will be the question of why the welfare state guarantees are decreasing. The welfare state is seen as a compromise between capital and labor, and today it is accepted that its representatives has decreased as a result of privatization. However, despite this, the distribution of social wealth, labor and capital relations maintain their importance. As a matter of fact, social responsibility continues to be a controversial concept for people who have moved from the closed communities of the middle age to the scattered society of the city. The changes in the world, which will be examined in the first part of the study, have also been effective in human relations. People who were built as individuals under the new conditions of capitalism took their own destinies and started to fight risks alone. Zygmunt Bauman's criticism, which can be defined as the reduction of socially produced problems to individual risks, is directly related to the idea of the welfare state in this context. The study consists of two main parts. In the first part, by drawing a theoretical framework, Bauman's position between modernity and postmodernity theories is tried to be explained. Thus, before explaining the idea of the welfare state, it was tried to convey the context in which the study should be read by providing the reader with a theoretical and historical background. In the second main part, Zygmunt Bauman's thoughts and analyzes about the welfare state are explained by deepening the basic theory.