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Global habitat suitability of rhagoletis pomonella (walsh, 1867) (diptera: tephritidae) under CMIP6 climate change scenarios predicted by ensemble model
Climate change significantly impacts species' distribution globally, which is modifying the geographic ranges and ecological interactions of agricultural pests. This study projected the potential global spread of a significant pest of apples, i.e., Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh, 1867) (Diptera: Tephritidae) under current and future climatic scenarios (CMIP6) employing ensemble species distribution modeling techniques (combining MaxEnt, GLM, GAM, CTA algorithms). The model was calibrated with 316 occurrence records and 15 environmental and ecological variables (11 environmental and 4 ecological). The results demonstrated excellent prediction performance (ROC >0.90, TSS >0.84). Temperature-related factors, i.e., the mean temperature of the warmest quarter and the annual temperature range, exerted the most significant impact on habitat suitability. Globally, optimum habitats for R. pomonella under present conditions were predominantly located in the temperate zones of North America, Europe, and East Asia. Future climate scenarios (SSP1-2.6 and SSP5-8.5) predict an expansion of suitable habitats northward and to higher elevations, notably affecting areas such northern Europe, southern Canada, northern Japan, and Türkiye. In contrast, severe climate scenarios suggested a possible decline in suitability within historically favorable habitats, including regions of the southern United States and Mediterranean Europe, because of substantial temperature rises. Europe, Turkey and Japan have substantial agricultural economies and vulnerabilities to possible invasions. Turkey exhibited significant growth in suitable habitats, hence elevating threats to apple producing areas. In Japan, especially in the northern islands, suitability is expected to increase markedly, requiring improved monitoring and preventative strategies. This study highlights the crucial need for internationally coordinated biosecurity programs, localized pest control methods, and flexible agricultural policies to alleviate the effects of climate-induced changes in R. pomonella distribution.
Küre Dağları Milli Parkı'nın Bartın ili sınırlarında kalan bölümünün makrofungus florası
Bu çalışmada, 2013-2015 yılları arasında Küre Dağları Milli Parkı'nın Bartın İli Sınırlarında Kalan Bölümünde mutlak ve tampon zona dâhilindeki alanlarda makrofunguslar araştırılmıştır. Yapılan arazi çalışmaları sonucunda alandan 284 makrofungus örneği arazi'den toplanmıştır. Laboratuar'da yapılan makroskobik ve mikroskobik teşhis çalışmaları sonucunda 2 bölüme dâhil, 11 takım, 29 familyadan toplam 69 makrofungus türü tespit edilmiştir. Belirlenen taksonlardan 4'ü Ascomycota, 65'i Basidiomycota bölümüne aittir. Tespit edilen makrofungus türlerinin sistematik listesi aşağıda verilmiştir. I. SINIF ASCOMYCETES 1. Takım: Pezizales 1. Familya: Helvellaceae Gyromitra esculenta Helvella crispa 2. Takım: Helotiales 2. Familya: Helotiaceae Hymenoscyphus calyculus 3. Takım: Lecanorales 3. Familya: Lecanoraceae Lecanora gangaleoides II. SINIF BASİDİOMYCETES 4. Takım: Agaricales 4. Familya: Amanitaceae Amanita muscaria Amanita phalloides Amanita pantherina Amanita rubescens Amanita velosa 5. Familya: Physalacriaceae Armillaria mellea 6. Familya: Agaricaceae Bovista aestivalis Bovista plumbea Coprinus comatus Lycoperdon perlatum Lycoperdon pyriforme 7. Familya: Tricholomataceae Collybia cirrhata Collybia conigena Collybia ocior 8. Familya: Psathyrellaceae Coprinellus disseminatus 9. Familya: Entolomataceae Entoloma griseocyaneum Entoloma sericellum 10.Familya: Fistulinaceae Fistulina hepatica 11.Familya: Hygrophoraceae Hygrophorus agathosmus 12.Familya: Inocybaceae Inocybe asterospora 13.Familya: Marasmiaceae Marasmius androsaceus Marasmius oreades 14. Familya: Mycenaceae Mycena crocata 15. Familya: Strophariaceae Pholiota squarrosa 16. Familya: Pluteaceae Pluteus cervinus 17. Familya: Schizophyllaceae Schizophyllum commune 18. Familya: Suillaceae Suillus luteus 5. Takım: Boletales 19. Familya: Boletaceae Boletus erythropus Boletus luridus Boletus smithii 20. Familya: Paxillaceae Paxillus rubicundulus 6. Takım: Phallales 21. Familya: Phallaceae Clathrus ruber 7. Takım: Gomphales 22. Familya: Gomphaceae Clavariadelphus occidentalis Clavariadelphus pistillaris Clavariadelphus sachalinensis Clavariadelphus truncatus Ramaria aurea Ramaria flava Ramaria formosa Ramaria stricta 8. Takım: Russulales 23. Familya: Hericiaceae Creolophus cirrhatus 24. Familya: Russulaceae Lactarius barrowsii Lactarius controversus Lactarius deliciosus Lactarius sanguifluus Lactarius vellereus Russula aquosa Russula cyanoxantha Russula delica Russula drimeia Russula emetica Russula fageticola Russula lepida Russula sanguinea Russula turci 25. Familya: Stereaceae Stereum hirsutum 9. Takım: Polyporales 26. Familya: Fomitopsidaceae Daedalea quercina 27. Familya: Polyporaceae Lentinus strigosus (eski adı Panus rudis) Lenzites betulina Polyporus mori Trametes hirsuta Trametes ochracea Trametes versicolor 10. Takım: Cantharellales 28. Familya: Hydnaceae Hydnum repandum 11. Takım: Tremellales 29. Familya: Tremellaceae Tremella mesenterica