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Geç Roma ve Bizans Anadolusu'nda rotalar ve iletişim (M.S. 4.-9. yüzyıllar)
This study presents a framework to evaluate the impacts of administrative/political and economic structures of the late Roman and Byzantine period on the use of routes and status of cities in Asia Minor. The studies that looked at the dynamics of the era between the 4th-9th centuries argued the state of urbanism, via both literary and archaeological sources, and suggested 'decline', 'transformation' and 'continuity' or 'discontinuity' of the classical city. The period considered was dominated by military and political circumstances that influenced both the use of routes and urbanization dynamics. By combining the historical evidence gathered from textual studies and archaeological data collected from excavation reports, the thesis aims to discuss how and in which ways these changes were influential on the use of routes and hence the status of urban centres located along these routes between the fourth and ninth centuries. The discussion is illustrated in reference to two main diagonal routes between Constantinople and the Cilician Gates, which used by the Roman armies, pilgrims, and Arab raiders. The main cities known archaeologically and textually along these routes are used to draw a picture of Anatolia and thus to evaluate the nature of change in the urban status of Roman cities.
Yukarı Mezopotamyada Geç Pleistosen- Holosen geçişinde avcı toplayıcı krizi olarak önerilmiş dönemde insanlar ve hayvanlar arasındaki etkileşimler (10.900 – 7.700 cal. bc)
This study focuses on the archaeofaunal data from early prehistoric communities in Upper Mesopotamia (Euphrates, Tigris and Urfa regions) to understand whether the changing settlement pattern was interlinked with the changing climatic conditions. So far, many studies were undertaken on ecological data to understand the human subsistence strategies, but unfortunately, these studies focused on one settlement, one species of animals or one targeted question. In this study, environmental data on climate are reviewed to create a clear picture of the climatic conditions that prevailed during the transitions from Late Pleistocene to Early Holocene. Having reviewed prehistoric climate patterns, this study proceeds with the revaluation of 14C samples/dates from settlements aiming to clarify uncertainities in dating and understand the continuity/disruption of settlement patterns. Foremost, the main focus on this study is the review of published archaeofaunal data from selected Epipalaeolithic and Early Neolithic communities from Euphrates and Tigris. Here I use site-specific faunal data to understand which animals were consumed and to what proportions through time. It is expected that by examining together the faunal data and the recreated past climatic conditions within the time range derived from the 14C v dates, we will reach a better understanding of a potential PPNA hunter-gatherer crisis in this region.
Burgaz-Datça'da (Palaia Knidos) çoklu-element toprak analizi: Bir yerleşim arkeolojisi çalışması
Human activities such as food preparation, cooking, garbage disposal, tool production leave their traces on surfaces by producing residues; some are physically collectible, while some residues get deposited within the soil, only to be identified through chemical analysis. The main purpose of this study is to generate additional, high-resolution data by combining geochemical and analytical analyses with archaeological evidence in order to interpret spatial organization documented through many years of excavation at the site of Burgaz, Datça. Soil samples collected during excavations at Burgaz were subject to elemental analysis by using ICP-AES and other analytical methods; the results are interpreted with respect to human use of spaces and artefact distribution at the site.
Geç Tunç Çağı hayvan mobilitesi ve hayvancılık stratejileri: Hitit Dönemi Sapinuwa (Ortaköy/Türkiye) kenti koyun ve keçi kalıntılarının geometrik morfometrik çalışması
Throughout the Late Bronze Age period, pastoralism remained crucial for the social and economic system of the Hittite states (Beckman, 1988; Schachner, 2012; Yakar, 2000). The faunal analysis of different Hittite sites indicates a well-developed animal husbandry and a good knowledge of breeding practices which is also mentioned in Hittite archives. In tandem with this information, this thesis aims to explore the animal husbandry management, animal mobility and breeding practices during the Hittite Late Bronze Age period. This thesis will apply interdisciplinary research by taking the faunal remains of Šapinuwa (Ortaköy) as a case study. Šapinuwa, located in the North Central Anatolia, has long been assigned as the second capital of Hittite Empire in the 14th century BCE. In this thesis, two-dimensional geometric morphometric analysis is employed to investigate whether a specialized veterinary activity was practiced by the Hittite Empire and if so, how it affected socio-economic hierarchy during the Late Bronze Age period. In order to increase the effectiveness of examination beside geometric morphometric analysis, traditional measurements will be used as a comparative methodology. This research focuses on the analysis of Ovis aries and Capra hircus astragalus, metacarpal and metatarsal bones on the basis of a multidisciplinary approach. For the effectiveness of the technique, other than geometric morphometrics, traditional measurements will then be used as a comparison. This study employs standard and specialized zooarchaeological techniques to present two aspects of animal husbandry in Hittite; mobility of animals and selective breeding.