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Comparison of development and physiology of Deschampsia Antarctica ecotype collection grown in two different temperatures
Deschampsia antarctica E. Desv. or Antarctic hairgrass, is a perennial plant belonging to the Poaceae family that grows in terrestrial ecosystems of Antarctica. Antarctic hairgrass, consistently attracts the attention of scientists working in various fields of biology since this species has unique adaptive abilities enabling to survive and reproduce in the extreme climatic conditions of Antarctica. Plants can grow from 0.5 to 25 cm in height. Young shoots are enclosed in a shell, and the leaves are sessile with linear leaf blades. D.antarctica can form clones of the correct shape with a lifespan of up to 35-40 years. Aging and death of old plants are often observed in the central part of the clone, and the cycle of formation of a new clone begins when the plant takes root in a new place (Alberdi and Corcuera, 1991; Lewis Smith, 2003 et al. ,). Temperature is the main factor affecting the rate of plant development. Laboratory studies by Bravo et al. (2001) showed that D.antarctica has a well-developed response to cold acclimatization and that significant cell damage occurs only in plants exposed to temperatures significantly lower than those at which they freeze. Another study by Cortez-Antiquera et al. (2021) with D. antarctica showed that plants grown in vitro are able to tolerate heat shock conditions at 23 and 35°C. The expected increase in temperature due to climate change and the potential for more extreme temperature events will affect plant productivity and several studies have investigated the effect of temperature on plant growth and physiology. Related with that, we aim to compare the effect of two different temperatures (12°C and 22°C) on the growth, physiology and morphology of D. antarctica plants which will be grown in climate chambers to provide a background on the response of this Arctic plant to increasing temperatures and to define the collection that we are preserving in our department.
Developing mutants of negative regulator of immune response gene (CPL-3) in tomato using CRISPR/Cas9
Bacterial infections pose a substantial threat to tomato production, impacting the biochemical and molecular attributes of the crop. This study elucidates the identification and characterization of RNA Polymerase II (RNAP) C-Terminal Domain Phosphatase-like 3 (SlCPL-3) genes in prominent commercial tomato cultivars (Rio-grande, Sazlica, and Falcon). Comprising 11 exons, the SlCPL-3 gene encodes two protein domains, CPDCs, and BRCT. Employing various bioinformatic tools, a predictive 3-D structure and an exploration of phosphorylation potential were conducted. Mutant development in tomatoes allowed an exploration of CPL-3 gene expression under biotic stress, utilizing Pst DC-3000 as the infectious pathogen. Results unveiled the activation of the SlCPL-3 gene during bacterial stress, with upregulated expression observed across various time intervals. Mutant plants exhibited diminished CPL-3 expression compared to wild-type plants, complemented by a subsequent reduction in PR-1 gene expression a marker linked with biotic stress. These findings support the hypothesis that targeting the CPL-3 gene through CRISPR/Cas9 holds promise for enhancing crop resilience against bacterial pathogens.
Tohumluk patates üretiminde farklı irilikteki mini yumrular için dikim sıklığının optimizasyonu
Ön elit kademe tohumluk patates üretiminde farklı irilikteki mini yumrular için tarımsal ve ekonomik açıdan en uygun dikim sıklığının belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılan bu çalışma, 2019 ve 2020 yıllarında Konya ilinde Konya Şeker A.Ş.'nin tohumluk patates üretim alanında (38.26° N 32.40° E) yürütülmüştür. Bölünen Bölünmüş Parseller Deneme Desenine göre üç tekerrürlü olarak kurulan denemelerde Lady Olympia ve Russet Burbank çeşitlerine ait üç farklı irilikteki (<20.0 mm, 20.1-25.0 mm, >25.1 mm) mini yumrular, beş farklı sıra üzeri mesafesinde (10, 14, 18, 22 ve 26 cm) dikilmiştir. Araştırmada uygulamaların morfolojik ve tarımsal özellikler üzerine etkileri incelenmiş, yumru iriliklerine göre dikim sıklığının optimizasyonu için yumru verimi açısından elde edilen verilerin ekonomik analizi yapılmıştır. Her iki yılda da en yüksek verim ve net gelir çeşitlerin büyük (>25.1 mm) yumrularının sırayla 10 cm ve 14 cm sıklıklarla dikilmesi sonucu edilmiştir. En yüksek fayda maliyet oranları (BCR) Lady Olympia çeşidinde büyük (>25.1 mm) yumruların 22 ile 26 cm dikim sıklığından Russet Burbank çeşidinde ise 18 ile 22 cm dikim sıklığından elde edilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın, tohumluk patates üreticileri ve ön elit tohumluk üretimi için faydalı ve uygulanabilir sonuçları vardır.
Determination of morphological, physiological, and agronomical responses of potato genotypes to heat
In the era of global warming, breeding heat-resilient potato varieties is among the most critical goals in potato breeding. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of elevated temperature on the morphological, physiological, biochemical and agronomic characteristics of potato genotypes under field conditions. The field experiments were conducted using a split-plot design with two temperature treatments (ambient and elevated temperature) as main plots and 29 genotypes as sub-plots, each with three replications, in 2022 and 2023. An open-sided polyethylene high tunnel was constructed adjacent to the open field to increase the temperature. This setup raised the ambient temperature by approximately 6–10 °C from planting to harvest, varying depending on the date and time of day. The results indicate elevated temperature effectively promoted potato genotypes' morphological, physiological and antioxidant enzyme activities. Different stress indices were calculated and a cluster analysis was performed to identify high-yielding and tolerant genotypes. Heat-tolerant potato genotypes possess an efficient defence mechanism against reactive oxygen species (ROS) by enhancing the antioxidant enzyme activity under heat stress. This study demonstrates that constructing open-sided clear polyethylene greenhouses to create a warmer environment is an effective strategy for selecting heat-resilient potato genotypes under field conditions.