Altmışlı yılların Irak şairlerinde benliğin ve ötekinin tezahürleri

The dialectic of the self and the other is one of the most important dialectics that occupies an important space in literary criticism. Its importance comes from the fact that it constitutes a multi-faceted topic that combines what is philosophical, social, and literary to form, therefore, the basis for the civilizational or cultural given that various forms of literature express. There is no doubt that poetry is one of the most important literary genres that was a vast space in which this duality interacted. (The self) is an expression of the self in a certain time or place, while the position towards (the other) represents an inevitable syndrome that imposes itself with the intertwining of relationships and interactions that have swept, and are still sweeping, different societies and cultures, which has led to this dialectic imposing itself on the literary situation, in general, and poetic in particular, because poetry is distinguished by its broader space and imagination than the rest of the literary genres. Poetic modernity has effectively contributed to unleashing realistic expression of this interconnected duality. Poetic modernity in Iraq in the sixties, which in turn was influenced by international and Arab modernity, as well as the modernity of the fifties in Iraq, represented a turning point of importance in the Iraqi literary and cultural context. The experience of the poets of the sixties in Iraq was a new, both in form and content when these poets created a new structure and rhythm in the language of poetry, which is represented by the prose poem, which departed from the meter and rhyme of traditional poetry, as well as its departure from the romantic content that characterized the previous traditional poem. All of this was reflected in the "self" and the attitude toward the "other". The poets of the sixties in Iraq were greatly influenced by their social, political and cultural reality. Their poems had to reflect this reality in an extreme and unusual language. Therefore, their self-expression was an extreme expression, and their position on the other was also extreme, especially since they represented a wide spectrum of ideological trends. From right to left. The "self" of the poets of the sixties expressed a clear identity crisis and alienation through which it reflected the Iraqi reality, but at the same time it also reflected a rebellious and revolutionary trend. Most of them participated in this latter trend. As for the position of these poets towards the "other", it was not in line with the perceptions of the colonial narrative which occupied Arabic literature since the end of the nineteenth century. The study particularly focuses on the poetry of Abdullah bin Rawaha, highlighting the emotional characteristics that distinguished his poetry in both the pre-Islamic and Islamic periods.