The effects of health politicies and legal regulations onnursing profession after year 2000

Birbudak, S. (2023). The Effects Of Health Politicies And Legal Regulations On Nursing Profession After Year 2000. Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Institute of Graduate Studies, Department of Management in Nursing, PhD, Istanbul. This research was conducted to reveal the impact of health policies and legal regulations developed after 2000 on the nursing profession and was designed with the individual in-depth interview method, which is included in the qualitative research method. The study group of the research consists of 50 people working in public and private health institutions throughout Turkey. These people include nurses, nurse academics and nurse managers. Research data was obtained using the "Semi-Structured Interview Form". MAXQDA 2022 program was used to analyze the data. When the research findings were examined, the effects of the health policies and legal regulations developed after 2000 on the nursing profession were examined under three main themes: "effects on nursing", "change in health policies. In the opinions on the process of creating health policies, it was found that the participants generally thought that outsiders were effective rather than field experts and relevant stakeholders, and expressed opinions that those with field experience should play a more active role. While positive effects such as the merger of social security institutions and hospital mergers came to the fore during the 20-year period of the Health Transformation Program, it was stated that the Family Medicine system could not meet expectations, the performance-based service approach was criticized and costs increased. For individuals, different effects such as the change in health policies, the impact of technological developments, the negative effects of changes in personal rights and problems in the Family Medicine system are emphasized. At the societal level, it appears that health policies play a critical role in improving the health well-being of society, ensuring equality, protecting employee rights, and regulating management, but concerns have been expressed about the inadequacies and inequalities of existing policies. Regarding change in healthcare, these include the role of technology, the challenges of digitalization efforts, distrust of private hospitals, and financing issues. It includes various views of healthcare professionals regarding health policies and legal regulations after 2000 and their changes, the inadequacies and deficiencies of the Nursing Law, inconsistencies in the field implementation of the regulations, the negative effects of Decree Law No. 663, and the changes brought by the Family Medicine system. It is emphasized that the nursing profession should become more visible, job descriptions should be clarified and existing legal regulations should be improved. In addition, it was stated that Decree Law No. 663 negatively affected the management of nursing services and that the Family Medicine system had some negative effects with the Transformation in Health. Among the criticisms regarding nursing education in its impact on nursing are the negative effects of assigning health vocational high school graduates with short-term courses and the views that postgraduate education is not adequately reflected in practice. There are different views among nurses regarding employment and career, and improvements are expected, especially in matters of personnel rights, salary inequality and career planning. Although nursing roles have evolved over time, it has been emphasized that educational and research roles cannot be fully implemented in the field. Regarding nurses' autonomy and personal rights, the opinion is that the influence of physicians continues, autonomy is limited and personal rights are insufficient. Findings regarding gender include opinions that male nurses have a positive impact on the profession, but also concerns that this situation may bring about some problems. Regarding ethics in nursing, the focus is on the need to have a sanction mechanism in case of non-compliance with ethical rules and non-compliance with professional principles. As a result, while it is seen that post-2000 health policies and legal regulations have multidirectional effects on the nursing profession, it has been shown that nurses should be involved in policy making processes, updating the Nursing Law and regulations and improvements in nursing education, employment, nursing roles and job descriptions, and the application of ethical principles is important