Problems experienced by women earthquake victims and their psychological symptom levels after the 2023 Kahramanmaraş-centered earthquakes: Adıyaman case

Purpose: Natural disasters deepen existing social inequalities and create disproportionate impacts especially on vulnerable groups. The aim of this study is to understand the specific context of the difficulties faced by women in Adıyaman in the post-disaster period, especially within the framework of inequalities and vulnerabilities arising from gender roles, following the 2023 Kahramanmaraş-centered earthquakes. In this context, the research aims to address how women's social, economic, cultural and physical conditions and mental health levels affect their post-disaster lives with a holistic approach. Method: The research is a quantitative study conducted with 251 women living in container cities in Adıyaman, and structured questionnaires were used as data collection tools. In the study, demographic information form, Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder - Short Scale (PTSD-SS) were used as data collection tools. Hypotheses were tested with dependent sample t-test and independent sample t-test. Findings: The study revealed that women experienced serious difficulties in accessing health services and hygiene products after the disaster, and that this was significantly associated with psychological symptoms such as anxiety, depression and negative self-perception. Having children, spouse/family pressure, lack of social support and low perception of security were also among the main factors that increased psychological symptoms. While rates of exposure to emotional and economic violence increased, it was observed that participation in social activities did not always support psychological well-being, contrary to literature. Conclusion: This study reveals the multiple vulnerabilities that women face in the post-disaster period and the psychological effects of these situations. The findings emphasize the need for gender-focused policies in disaster response processes.