Analysis of patients diagnosed with intracranial hemorrhage in the emergency department

Purpose: It is aimed to guide emergency medicine physicians regarding the demographic characteristics, laboratory parameters, medications used, and comorbidities of patients diagnosed with Intracranial Hemorrhage in relation to mortality. Materials and Method: Materials and Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed patients aged 18 and older who presented to the Emergency Department of Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine with any complaint and were diagnosed with Intracranial Hemorrhage between 01.01.2018 and 31.12.2023. The analysis included age, gender, diagnosis, type of presentation (outpatient/ambulance), comorbidities, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score at the time of presentation, vital signs at the time of presentation, presence of trauma, laboratory values, regularly used medications, length of stay in the emergency department, whether surgical intervention was performed, outcomes, and 30-day mortality rates. Results: In the study, the male/female ratio was found to be 1,77/1. The average age was 60.92±17.94 (18-96) years. Statistical significance was found between age and 30-day mortality (p<0.001). According to the type of presentation; the mortality rate of patients admitted by ambulance was found to be higher than that of those admitted as outpatients (p=0.035). Among the vital signs; low GCS (p<0.001), among the laboratory findings; hemoglobin (p<0.001), hematocrit (p<0.001), and INR (p=0.025), among the comorbidities; diabetes mellitus (p=0.002) and neurological diseases (p=0.002), and among the medications used; anticoagulant drugs (p=0.016) and antiplatelet drugs (p=0.031), statistical significance was found with 30-day mortality. Conclusion: Old age, comorbidities such as DM and neurological diseases, and the use of anticoagulant and antiplatelet medications were found to be associated with high mortality in patients. Additionally, a significant relationship was found between laboratory parameters which are initially detected such as; low hemoglobin and hematocrit values, high INR values, and mortality. Intracranial Hemorrhages are diagnoses that require rapid management in the emergency department, and it is VIII thought that these parameters, which were found to associted with mortality in the study, could guide Emergency Medicine physicians in prognosis. Keywords: Intracranial Hemorrrhage, Mortality, Hemorrhagic Stroke