A research on the role and functions of the local press in disaster periods: The Malatya example

With the advancement of technological opportunities, the functions of the media have gained effectiveness in many fields. The network structure of the internet, which envelops the world, not only multiplies the functions of the media but also turns it into a powerful web of influence in terms of accessing and distributing information. Disasters and disaster management represent a field where these effects can be concretely observed. Whether natural or man-made, disasters deeply affect the social and economic structure of societies. In both pre-disaster and post-disaster phases, the media plays a significant role in terms of disaster management and in gathering information from all affected areas. Access to information lays the groundwork for institutions to make vital decisions within the framework of disaster management. In this context, local media fulfills various functions such as informing the public during disasters, acting as a bridge between public institutions and citizens, supporting public institutions in their decision-making processes, combating misinformation, and promoting social solidarity. The aim of this study is to analyze the roles of the local press in Malatya in disaster management within the context of the earthquakes that occurred on February 6, 2023. This study examines the roles and functions undertaken by the local press in Malatya, one of the cities seriously affected by the earthquakes that impacted 11 provinces on February 6, 2023. Additionally, the study addresses the contributions of Malatya's local media to disaster management before and after the disaster. In this framework, the qualitative interview method was chosen, and journalists and media representatives working in various local media organizations in Malatya were selected as the sample group to conduct an in-depth analysis. Based on the data obtained from the conducted interviews, certain themes were identified, and as a result of evaluating these themes, several conclusions were reached. Some of the identified themes are: speed and ease of access in local media, accuracy and scope of information in local media, use of sources in news reporting, and disaster journalism experiences of local media staff. The evaluations based on the themes and interviews revealed that local media assumes not only an informational role during crises but also numerous educational, guiding, and supervisory roles within the framework of social responsibility. However, it was also understood that during this process, the local media faced significant structural obstacles such as lack of technical equipment, shortage of experienced journalists, financial insufficiencies, and interruptions in internet and power supply. The study concludes that local media can assume a more active and sustainable role in all phases of disaster management. In this regard, it is deemed essential to better prepare local media organizations for disasters, to expand disaster communication training for media personnel, and to establish a more systematic collaboration with central institutions.