Investigation of quality criteria of propolis produced in Ardahan province

Ardahan has clean water resources, pollution-free lands, wide pasture areas and rich vegetation, the Caucasian honey bee's natural habitat and gene source and the high propolis collection tendency compared to other honey bees. It has been found worth examining the quality and efficiency of its activities. Humidity, balsam, total phenolic substance content (TFM), total flavonoid substance amount (TFMM), amounts and phenolic compounds in propolis content of Ardahan region propolis extract were determined. In this study, the quality criteria of propolis collected from Ardahan province were examined. In this direction, propolis samples were taken from beekeepers in 6 locations in this region. The moisture values of propolis collected in the experimental area were between 1.9% and 3%, the balsamic substance content was between 29.20% and 36.10%, the wax value was 26,30% and 42,30%, the TFM amount was 60,31 to 105,05 mg GAE/g, the TFMM amount was 5 It was determined that ,19- 22.17 mg QUE/g, the total antioxidant capacity ranged between 406 and 650 µMFeSO4.7H2O/g. While caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, chrysin, pinosembrin, t-cinnamic acid, phenyl ester (CAPE) and quercetin were detected in all propolis extracts, luteolin was detected in the A1 and A2 regions, and apigenin was detected in the A4, A5 and A6 regions. Gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, p-OH benzoic acid, epicatechin, chlorogenic, syringic acid, m-OH benzoic acid, routine, ellagic acid, myricetin, resveratrol, daidzein, hesperetin, rhamnetin, curcumin were not detected. This does not mean that the phenolics that cannot be detected in the samples are not in the content of propolis, because these polyphenols may not have completely passed into the ethanolic phase since they are water-soluble substances. In this study, no great differences were detected between the composition and antioxidant properties of propolis collected from the Ardahan region, which was selected as a limited basin. One of the important phenolic markers of regional propolis is pinosembrin, and it was determined that it is a product rich in chrysin, caffeic acid phenyl ester (CAPE) and ferulic acid.