DNA barcoding of some mammal species distributed in Artvin

The research seeks to assess the genetic structure of selected mammal species — Rupicapra rupicapra asiatica (Anatolian chamois), Ursus arctos (brown bear), Lepus europaeus (European hare), and Glis glis (edible dormouse) — inhabiting the Artvin province in northeastern Türkiye through mitochondrial DNA barcoding (COI gene region). The results validate the COI gene as a dependable tool for species-level identification. A previously undescribed haplotype was detected in Rupicapra rupicapra asiatica, with high haplotype but low nucleotide diversity, indicating limited but significant genetic differentiation within populations. Ursus arctos sequences were highly similar to widespread Eurasian haplotypes, suggesting gene flow or historical connectivity. Shared haplotypes between Lepus europaeus samples and those from Iran highlight Anatolia's role as a biogeographic bridge. Glis glis exhibited unique haplotypes within Türkiye, partially distinct from European populations, pointing to possible local adaptations. These findings underscore the importance of the Artvin region not only for its rich species diversity but also as a potential center of genetic variation and phylogeographic transitions. The study contributes to the molecular documentation of Türkiye's mammalian biodiversity and offers a scientific basis for conservation and sustainable management efforts. Future research should integrate broader geographic sampling and utilize both mitochondrial (e.g., CYTB, D-loop) and nuclear markers to elucidate historical dispersal, isolation processes, and gene flow dynamics among these species.