Antioxidant effect of nesfatin -1 i̇n alzheimer's disease model formed in astrocyte cells

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible, progressive neurodegenerative disease caused by irreversible loss of neurons in the hippocampus and cortex areas of the brain. It is the biggest cause of dementia over 65 years of age. Amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles and granulovacuolar degeneration are detected in the microscopic findings. One of the first findings in the pathogenesis of AD is changes that occur depend on oxidative stress on the brain. In this study, effects of nesfatin-1 which is newly defined anorexigenic hormones on cell viability, and antioxidant effects was evaluated in AD model that was formed in astrocyte cells with amyloid β (Aβ). Catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSX-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured using method of enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Cell viability was evaluated in AD model, that is formed in astrocyt cells with Aβ, for the different doses of Aβ, Nesfatin-1, Aβ + Nesfatin-1 by MTT test. In the model formed by adding amyloid beta, cell viability value was 100% compared to the control group, but decrease in cell viability value with the increase of doses of Aβ is observed. Cell viability was decreased by 28.5% at 5 μM, 28.93% at 7.5 μM, 29% at 10 μM, and 30.9% at 12.5 μM. When the effect on nesfatin-1 on cell viability was examined, there was a decrease in cell viability at low dose (1uM), an increase in cell viability up to a certain dose (10μM), and cell viability started to decrease after this dose. When Aβ was added, the cell viability decreased by 41%. When nesfatin-1 was added, cell viability increased by 10.3%, and when Aβ and nesfatin-1 were added together, cell viability decreased by 6.8%. The results show that decreased values of CAT, GSX-Px and SOD antioxidant enzymes by Aβ are balanced with the addition of Nesfatin-1 and that the increased value of MDA bioactive aldehyde with Aβ decreases with the addition of Nesfatin-1 and Aβ together.