Determination of dirofilaria species by molecular methods in cats and dogs in Aydin province

Dirofilaria immitis and Dirofilaria repens are zoonotic filarial nematodes capable of infecting a wide range of mammalian species, including domestic pets and humans. The transmission of these parasites occurs through blood-feeding mosquitoes that carry microfilariae. These parasites typically reside in the pulmonary arteries and often in the right side of the heart, leading to their common name, "heartworm." This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and geographical distribution of Dirofilaria immitis and Dirofilaria repens in various districts of Aydın Province. For this purpose, blood samples were collected from a total of 350 animals, comprising 200 dogs and 150 cats, from the districts of Efeler, Kuşadası, Nazilli, and Didim. The identification of Dirofilaria species was performed using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), a molecular method, to evaluate the presence of dirofilariasis. According to the results obtained, 12 out of 200 dogs (6%) and 3 out of 150 cats (2%) tested positive for Dirofilaria immitis, while no cases of Dirofilaria repens were observed. Overall, 15 out of 350 animals were found to be positive for Dirofilaria immitis, resulting in a prevalence rate of 4.29% for dirofilariasis in Aydın. In conclusion, Dirofilaria immitis infections remain a significant health concern for both dogs and cats. The study emphasizes the importance of controlling mosquito populations, ensuring regular veterinary check-ups, and implementing prophylactic measures to prevent the spread of infections.