The mediating role of self-efficacy in prediction of attachment styles and cognitive flexibility

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between attachment styles and cognitive flexibility in adults and to examine the mediating role of self-efficacy in this relationship. In addition, it is aimed to examine the mentioned variables in terms of different sociodemographic variables. Method: The sample of the study consists of a total of 510 participants, 395 female and 115 males, with an average age of 42.36±14.05, ages ranging from 18 to 65, and a relationship that has been going on for at least 2 months. The Experiences in Close Relationships Inventory-II, Cognitive Flexibility Inventory, General Self-Efficacy Scale were used in the study. Frequency analysis, hierarchical regression analysis, independent groups t-test, Pearson correlation analysis, regression analysis and PROCESS mediation analysis were applied in the data analysis. Results: Anxious and avoidant attachment styles negatively predicted cognitive flexibility and self-efficacy. In addition, self-efficacy positively predicted cognitive flexibility. Self-efficacy had a partial mediating role in the relationship between attachment styles and cognitive flexibility. As anxious and avoidant attachment levels increased, self-efficacy and cognitive flexibility levels decreased. On the other hand, cognitive flexibility increased as self-efficacy increased. Conclusion: It has been observed that the attachment styles that an individual forms in their relationship with their parents are observed in their romantic relationships in adult life. The attachment styles they have in their relationships affect their cognitive flexibility and self-efficacy levels. It has been observed that self-efficacy plays an important role in the relationship between cognitive flexibility and attachment styles.