Effects of bacteria and NPK applications on the development of hyacinth plant and nutrient elements uptake

This study was carried out to determine the effect of NPK and some bacterial species on the development and nutrient content of Hyacinthus orientalis 'Delft Blue' plant. In the study carried out in laboratory conditions with three replications and five pots in each replicate according to the experimental design, hyacinth bulbs were applied as an inorganic fertilizer in the 20:20:20 NPK commercial fertilizer and 50% of this fertilizer. Aas bioorganic fertilizers: nitrogen binding bacteria Cellulomonas turbata (TV54A), phosphate solvent bacteria: Bacillus-GC Group (TV119E) and bacteria carrying the nitrogen binding and phosphate solvent properties: Kluyvera cryocrescens (TV113C) were applied. The effects of TV54A and TV119E bacteria alone were applied together and their effects were determined. Phenological and morphological observations were made and some nutrients were analyzed in leaves and bulbs. The earliest first flower time, full flower time and harvest time were determined as 52.066, 53.700 and 54.660 days respectively in 1/2 NPK application and the difference between the applications was statistically significant at P <0.001 level. Bacterial applications caused a delay of ten days. The highest leaf width mean value (24.426 mm) in TV119E application (P <0.01); the means of the flowers lenght (P <0.05) and the stalk thickness (P <0.001) (175.473 mm and 11.476 mm) in ½ NPK application; the mean value of the flower width was 62.506 mm in control plants (P <0.001). The highest mean value of leave number was 7.133 pieces (1/2 NPK), the leaf length was 245.573 mm (TV113C), plant height was 364.243 mm (TV119E); floret length was 20.777 mm (control); the floret width was found to be 28.736 mm (TV113C) and the floret number was 34,643 (1/2 NPK). The difference between the applications was not statistically significant. The highest mean values of nutrients in hyacinth leaves were nitrogen (N) 3.866% (P <0.001); phosphorus (P) 334.790 mg kg-1 (P <0.001); potassium (K) 4.534% (P <0.01); iron (Fe) 152.453 mg kg-1 (P <0.01); manganese (Mn) 26.739 mg kg-1 (P <0.001); zinc (Zn) was obtained as 46.517 mg kg-1 (p <0.01) and copper (Cu) was 8.902 mg kg-1 (P <0.01), while calcium (Ca) was 1064.95 mg kg-1 and magnesium (Mg) 1992.92 mg kg- 1 was found and the difference between the mean values for these two elements was not statistically significant. It is observed that NPK application has a more positive effect on the other elements than K and Mn. The highest N, P, Zn and Cu contents of the leaf were obtained by using full dose NPK. The highest mean values of nutrient elements in hyacinth bulbs were 4.382% (P<0.01); P 278.496 mg kg-1 (P <0.001); K, 2.203% (P <0.05); Ca 2322.045 mg kg-1 (P <0.05); Mg 1884.164 mg kg-1 (P <0.01); Mn 39.640 mg kg-1 (P <0.01); Zn was obtained as 40.861 mg kg-1 (P<0.001) and Cu 7.683 mg kg-1 (P <0.001), whereas Fe was found to have an average value of 140.545 mg kg-1. In inoculation of bacteria K, Ca and Mg content of inoculation; N, P, Mn, Zn and Cu content of ½ NPK fertilization was determined to be effective.