Modeling and simulation of a grid-connected rooftop photovoltaic system for the DEDAŞ building in Batman

The limitations of conventional energy sources and their increasing environmental impacts have made the use of renewable energy sources imperative. In this context, solar energy stands out as a sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative, while photovoltaic (PV) systems enable the efficient conversion of this energy into usable forms. This study focuses on the modeling and simulation of a rooftop, grid-connected PV system designed for the Batman Dicle Electricity Distribution Company (DEDAŞ) building. The primary aim of the study is to reduce energy costs and promote environmental sustainability by effectively utilizing solar energy. The developed model was designed using PVsyst and PV*SOL software, and its performance was simulated under various shading scenarios. The analysis results highlight the significant impact of shading factors on the energy production performance of PV systems. Notably, significant energy losses were observed during the winter months due to low solar angles, with losses reaching up to 28% in December. In contrast, during the summer months, when solar angles are steeper, the impact of shading was reduced, with energy losses as low as 4% in June. In this thesis study, the calculations performed for the modeled building revealed that the PVsyst software is a more effective method. The payback period of this design, developed for regions with high solar energy potential such as Batman, has been determined as 3,2 years. Additionally, the system's annual CO₂ emission reduction has been calculated as 51,720 kg. It has been observed that the designed PV system can contribute significantly both economically and environmentally by increasing local energy production. The findings obtained serve as a guide for the design, implementation, and optimization processes of solar energy projects and contribute to the widespread use of renewable energy.