Determination of the bioherbicide potential of essential oils obtained from some aromatic plants

It is known that, many species of the Lamiaceae family are endemic and also have medical and aromatic properties. Recently, these aromatic species using in several areas have been researched for their biopesticidal potential. In the present study, biopesticidal potential of the essential oils obtained from Satureja hortensis, Melissa officinalis and Ocimum basilicum were determined. The essential oils were applied to Hordeum vulgare L., Triticum aestivum and Amaranthus retroflexus seedlings and seed germination ratio, alteration of total genomic DNA and total protein changes of them were examined. While genomic alterations were determined with RAPD-PCR, the total protein profiles were revealed with SDS-PAGE technique. It was observed that, the essential oils of Satureja hortensis have change the GTS value of Hordeum vulgare as 46,16 % and the protein profile of Amaranthus retroflexus as 75% at 0,132 µl/ml dose of oils. The optimum inhibition rate of the seed germination of the Triticum aestivum, Hordeum vulgare L. and Amaranthus retroflexus L. was observed at the 0,264 µl/ml dose of the applied Melisa offisinalis oils. The lowest GTS value was found as 14.82% in Amaranthus retroflexus L. seedlings. The number of the bands of Triticum aestivum was 84 at the control and the Amaranthus retroflexus L. were 42 with the applying of the Ocimum basilicum oils. The highest rate of polymorphism (125%) in protein profiles and the lowest GTS ratio (33.34%) was observed at 0,264 μL / mL of Amaranthus retroflexus L. seeds treated with Ocimum basilicum oils. Keywords: Bioherbicide, Satureja hortensis, Melisa offisinalis, Osimum basilicum, RAPD-PCR, GTS, SDS-PAGE.