The investigation of morphologic characters of some wild type sunflower species (Helianthus spp.) and hybridization possibilities with cultivated sunflower

The studies were carried out to determine some morphological characteristics of different wild type sunflower (Helianthus spp.) genotypes and investigation possible usage of wild type sunflower at interspecific hybridization between cultivated sunflower and wild Helianthus species at Uludağ University, Faculty of Agriculture Department of Field Crops' laboratory, green house and field conditions in 2018. The 18 wild sunflower genotypes obtained from USDA-America and the 3 CMS lines obtained from Trakya Agricultural Research Institute were used as plant materials. There were significant differences between wild sunflower genotypes in terms of examined morphological characters and yield components (plant height, stem thickness, number of branches, length of branches, width of leaves, length of leaves, head diameter, full seeds rate, seed yield per head and 1000 kernel weight). Some of the morphological characters (branching, pubescence at general appearance, ray flower color, disk flower color, pollen fertility, uniformity of flowering and maturity, head angle, head shape, type of branching, bract shape) evaluated based on IBPGR score system did not show large differences among genotypes. A significant correlation was determined in terms of correlation values for all properties examined with branch length, number of branches, seed yield per head and 1000 grain weight. In order to obtain F1 in field conditions, 15 different hybrid combinations were obtained from 3 CMS lines and 5 wild sunflower genotypes. As a result of inter and intraspecific hybridization, full seeds rate values varied between 0 % and 94,2%. The highest full seed rate was obtained from 7751-A X H. argophyllus (34) (94,2%) combination. The 9661-A X H. maximiliani (45) did not produced any seed (0%).